Possible risks Essay

Determination of pregnancy is not certain until the second trimester, at around twenty weeks, when the fetal heart beat can be heard via a fetoscope. Albeit there are presumptive and probable signs associated with pregnancy, like the early morning sickness or the growing size of the abdominal area, these could also be caused by a different pathology. Hence, it can be inevitable for a woman who is not aware of her pregnant state to be exposed to radiation, most especially if she is not aware of her current menstruation cycle. Radiation exposure usually occurs whenever a person is exposed to cosmic rays, external radiation from radioactive ores, internal exposure through radiation therapy given for treatment in cancer patients, and most commonly through diagnostic x-rays. More often than not, pregnant women who are not aware of their pregnant state could have gotten their diagnostic x-rays taken, which is equivalent to receiving 70 millirem. Also, she could have been exposed to other radiation sources, like watching the television and living next door to a power plant. But exposure to radiation can have an acceptable limit of 350 millirems for the pregnant woman. For the pregnant woman, the most critical period wherein the fetus will suffer the most health consequences is when the she is exposed to radiation around two weeks to fifteen weeks gestational age. At two weeks gestational age, if the mother is exposed to a radiation that measures greater than 5 rad or 5000 millirem, a miscarriage can take place or even death inside the womb. If the fetus is exposed to radiation at the gestational age of eight to fifteen weeks, the fetus is to suffer a severe brain damage from the exposure. This can result in lowered intelligent quotients or IQs, mental retardation, stunted growth and other birth defects. Mental retardation is defined as a general developmental disorder characterized by a lower than average intelligence marker and the child is to suffer from limited daily living skills due to limited learning capabilities. Stunted growth in a child will be evidenced by a sluggish growth and development progress, as evidenced by a lower than normal height, weight and even cognitive skills. After this critical period, the two to fifteen weeks of gestational age, the fetus will unlikely suffer from radiation exposure, unless the exposure is extremely large. Only having been exposed to at least five thousand x-rays at one time can give harm to a 16 week old fetus. At 26 weeks gestational age, the fetus cannot be harmed by radiation exposure, and if ever exposed to radiation, the fetus will unlikely suffer serious health consequences. This can be compared to a newborn being exposed to radiation; the chances of having defects are greatly decreased if not invisible already. However, some of the effects of being exposed to radiation cannot readily be seen or manifest in the early life. Studies also show that fetuses are extremely sensitive to the cancer causing effects of radiation exposure; hence this can increase their risks in acquiring cancer later in life. Radiation exposure can be limited, if not avoided. The pregnant woman needs to be aware of her physiological state. She would have to consult all of her diagnostic exams and her workplace to her physician, so that radiation exposure can be prevented early on the pregnancy.

History of TV Broadcasting Essay

1950s During the 1950s, the University of Santo Tomas and Feati University were experimenting with television. UST demonstrated its home-made receiver, while Feati opened an experimental television station two years later. On October 23, 1953, the Alto Broadcasting System (ABS), the forerunner of ABS-CBN, made its first telecast as DZAQ-TV Channel 3. The ABS offices were then located along Roxas Blvd. ABS was owned by Antonio Quirino, brother of former president Elpidio Quirino. Consequently, the first telecast was that of a party at the owner’s residence, earning Elpidio Quirino the honor of being the first Filipino to appear on television. The station operated on a four-hours-a-day schedule (6-10PM), covering only a 50-mile radius. ABS was later sold to the Lopez family, who later transformed it into ABS-CBN By 1957, the Chronicle Broadcasting Network (CBN), owned by the Lopez family, operated two TV stations–DZAQ Channel 3 and DZXL-TV Channel 9. 1960s By 1960, a third station was in operation, DZBB-TV Channel 7, or, the Republic Broadcasting System. It was owned by Bob Stewart, a long-time American resident in the Philippines who also started with radio in 1950. RBS started with only 25 employees, a surplus transmitter, and two old cameras. During this time, the most popular horror series on Philippine television was Gabi ng Lagim. In 1961, the National Science Development Board was established. It was behind the earliest initiative to use local TV for education, â€Å"Education on TV† and â€Å"Physics in the Atomic Age.† In 1963, RBS TV Channel-7 Cebu was inaugurated The Metropolitan Educational Association (META), in cooperation with the Ateneo Center for Television Closed Circuit Project, produced television series in physics, Filipino, and the social sciences which were broadcast in selected TV stations and received by participating secondary schools. The META team was headed by Leo Larkin, S.J., with Josefina Patron, Florangel Rosario, Lupita Concio and Maria Paz Diaz as members. The project lasted from 1964 to 1974. By 1966, the number of privately owned TV channels was 18; ABS-CBN was the biggest network by the time Martial Law was declared. By 1968, the daily television content consisted mostly of canned programs; only 10% of programs was locally produced. The same year, ABS-CBN provided Filipinos with a live satellite feed of the Mexico Olympics. Filipino audiences also saw the Apollo 11 landing live in 1969. 1970s During Martial Law, Ferdinand Marcos ordered the closure of all but three television stations: channels 9 and 13 were eventually controlled by then Ambassador Roberto Benedicto, and Bob Stewart’s Channel 7 was later allowed to operate with limited three-month permits. ABS-CBN was seized from the Lopez family, and Eugenio Lopez Jr., then president of the network, was imprisoned. In 1973, the Kapisanan ng mga Brodkaster sa Pilipinas (KBP) was organized to provide a mechanism for self-regulation in the broadcast industry. By the latter part of 1973, Channel 7 was heavily in debt and was forced to sell 70% of the business to a group of investors, who changed the name from RBS to Greater Manila Area (GMA) Radio Television Arts. Stewart was forced to cede majority control to Gilberto Duavit, a Malacaà ±ang official, and RBS reopened under new ownership, with a new format as GMA-7. When the smoke cleared, the viewer had channels 2, 9, 13, run by Benedicto; Duavit’s 7; and 4, which belonged to the Ministry of Information. When DZXL-TV Channel 9 of CBN was sold to Roberto Benedicto, he changed the name from CBN to KBS, Kanlaon Broadcasting System. So when a fire destroyed the KBS television studios in Pasay, the people of Benedicto took over the ABS-CBN studios on Bohol Avenue, Quezon City. His employees moved in, and by August 1973, KBS was broadcasting on all ABS-CBN channels. A year later, Salvador â€Å"Buddy† Tan, general manager of KBS, reopened Channel 2 as the Banahaw Broadcasting Corporation (BBC). The two Benedicto stations–KBS Channel 9 and BBC Channel 2—mainly aired government propaganda. 1980s In 1980, Channels 2, 9, and 13 moved to the newly-built Broadcast City in Diliman, Quezon City. In 1980, Gregorio Cendaà ±a was named Minister of Information. GTV Channel 4 became known as the Maharlika Broadcasting System. When Benigno Aquino was assassinated in 1983, it was a small item on television news. GMA Channel 7 gave the historic funeral procession 10 seconds of airtime. In 1984, Imee Marcos, daughter of Ferdinand Marcos, attempted to take over GMA Channel 7, just as she did with the Benedictos. However, she was foiled by GMA executives Menardo Jimenez and Felipe Gozon. On February 24, 1986, MBS Channel 4 went off the air during a live news conference in Malacaà ±ang and during an exchange between Marcos and then Chief of Staff General Fabian Ver. The network was eventually taken over by rebel forces and started broadcasting for the Filipino people. On September 14, 1986, ABS-CBN Channel 2 made a comeback and resumed broadcasting after 14 years. On Novermber 8, 1988, GMA inaugurated the â€Å"Tower of Power,† its 777-feet, 100kW transmitter, the country’s tallest man-made structure. In 1988, PTV Channel 4, then MBS, was launched as â€Å"The People’s Station.† 1990s In the 1990s ABS-CBN launched the Sarimanok Home Page, the station’s Web presence, making it the first Philippine network on the Internet. On February 21, 1992, ABC Channel 5 reopened with a new multi-million-peso studio complex in Novaliches. By 1996, 89% of Filipinos and 57% of Philippine households watched television 6-7 days a week. In 1997, the Children’s Television Act (RA8370), providing for the creation of a National Council for Children’s Media Education, was passed. By 1997, 57% of Filipino households had at least one television. 100% of those in class AB had televisions, as opposed to only 4% in class E. In 1997, the Mabuhay Philippines Satellite Corporation successfully launched Agila II, the country’s first satellite. By 1998, there were 137 television stations nationwide.

A Cray SuperComputer Comes to the University of To Essays

A Cray SuperComputer Comes to the University of Toronto By Andrew Reeves-Hall The Cray X-MP/22 manufactured by Cray Research Incorporated (CRI) of Minneapolis, Minnesota was delivered and installed at the U of Toronto this September. The Cray is a well respected computer - mainly for its extremely fast rate of mathematical floating-pointcalculation. As the university states in its July/August computer magazine "ComputerNews", the Cray's "level of performance should enable researchers with large computational requirements at the university of Toronto and other Ontario universities to compete effectively against the best in the world in their respective fields." The Cray X-MP/22 has two Central Processing Units (CPUs) - the first '2' in the '22'. The Cray operates at a clock rate of 105 MHz (the regular, run-of-the-mill IBMPC has a clock rate of 4.77 MHz). By quick calculations, you would be led to believe the Cray is only about 20 times faster that the PC. Obviously, this is not the case. The Cray handles data considerably differently than the PC. The Cray's circuits permit an array of data (known as a 'vector') to be processes as a SINGLE entity. So, where the IBMPC may require several clock cycles to multiply two numbers, the Cray performs everything in one clock cycle. This power is measured in Millions of Floating Point Operations Per Second (MFLOPS) - which is to say the rate at which floating-point operations can be performed. The Cray MFLOPS vary as it does many activities, but a rate of up to 210 MFLOPS (per CPU) can be achieved. The second '2' in the X-MP/22 title refers to the two million 64-bit words (16Mb) of shared central memory. This can be expanded to four million words in the future if the need arises. But it doesn't stop there! The Cray can pipe information back and forth between the CPU memory and the Input/Output Subsystem (IOS). The IOS then takes it upon itself the store the information in any of the four storage devices: i) one of the four 1200 Mb disk drives (at a rate of 5.9Mb every second), ii) one of two standard 200ips 6250bpi tape drives, iii) a Solid State Storage Device (SSD) (which is much like a 128Mb RAM Disk!), or iv) through to a front-end computer (the U of T uses both the IBM4381 and a DEC VAX). These computers would be programmed (usually in FORTRAN) and the information passed onto the Cray. The results would then be transfered back to the front end computers. The 4 year old Cray was bought used from the California NASA research centre where it was used in aerodynamic calculations. This means less cost to buy it and the assurance that it has been 'burned in'. In case you wanted one for yourself, the U of T was able to purchase the Cray for the low-low price of $12 million. Over the next five years, the University predicts the total cost will probably be $25 million when maintenance, staff and other costs are taken into consideration. To help out, the Ontario Government put in $10 million. By doing this, all other Ontario University researchers are assured of access at a reduced cost. By the way, to buy time on the system, it'll cost you $2000 per hour. But Ontario researchers only have to pay 7% of that - $140 per hour. Their first commercial customer is OMNIBUS Graphics of Toronto who plan to use the Cray in the graphic videos. If you saw the movie 'The Last Starfighter', you will have already experienced the graphic capabilites of the Cray (remember the some of the space scenes!). The Cray did all of the calculations required for those scenes and let another graphics computer to do the menial task of drawing the lines and filling with the calculated colour. There is so much to talk about when the word 'Cray' pops to mind! If you are seriously interested in this amazing computer and/or you are interested in purchasing time on the system, please contact the people below: The Centre for Large Scale Computation at the U of T Llyod Parker, Director 978-8255 Facilities Manager Dr. Edmund West 978-4085 Supercomputer User's Group (for University Researchers, etc)

Multinational Corporations and Nationality Essay

Multinational Corporations and Nationality - Essay Example The present research has identified that much contrary evidence suggests that even the most global of companies remain deeply rooted in the national business systems of their country of origin. Hu and Ruigrok have argued that MNCs exhibit national characteristics. Very few of the worlds largest companies are production highly internationalized as evidenced by very few Fortune top 100 companies have more than half their production facilities or their workforce outside the country of origin. Even though the home base does not account for the bulk of sales, operations, and employment, the home nation is almost always the primary locus of ownership and control. Board and senior management positions are staffed disproportionately - often overwhelmingly - by home country nationals, strategic decisions tend to be made in the home nation, and innovative activities are also disproportionately located there. The connection between national culture and MNC behavior rests on the academic industr y generated by Hofstede's analysis of `cultures consequences. Wong and Birnbaum, for example, have constructed hypotheses about MNC behavior on the basis of Hofstede's analysis of power distance, that is the perception by individuals of the degree of interpersonal power or influence exerted over them by their superiors in the organization. They found that the acceptance of unequal power distances in the banks home society was highly significant in explaining the centralization of authority in the bank operating in Hong Kong. The analysis using Hofstede’s ideas are said to have inconsistencies that make it unreliable. Hofstede came up with his five dimensions and scores with samples taken only from a single company – IBM. McSweeney points out that generalizing results from IBM employees to a global scale is unthinkable because there are no evidence-based reasons for assuming that the average IBM responses reflected ‘the’ national average.

Free Trade and Industrial Zones in the UAE Research Paper

Free Trade and Industrial Zones in the UAE - Research Paper Example The establishment of free trade and industrial zones may well be considered as a unique step which other Middle Eastern countries have not yet emulated. The UAE has proven though that there are advantages gained for diversifying through such approach. Two very successful free trade zones, Jabel Ali Free Zone Area (JAFZA) and Dubai Airport Free Zone Area (DAFZA), have contributed significantly to the economy. Indeed, free trade zones are not without its share of problems and these also have negative impact to the economy. Nevertheless, the benefits far outweigh the costs. JAFZA has made very relevant contributions to the UAE’s economy since its establishment. In fact, its share in the Dubai’s economy is very strategic. It accounts for more than 25 per cent of the total trade being conducted in the city. In just 25 years, it saw the establishment of many companies in its vicinity. The year 2010 is considered as its most successful year. By the end of this year, there were 480 companies that set up facilities in the area. 55 of these are multinationals and were draw by JAFZA’s â€Å"customer focused value proposition that brings together products, all relevant services as well as value added benefits under one roof to form an ecosystem that is conducive to business† (Banga, 2011). The entry of such investments has, in turn, benefited the UAE in more ways than one. It is one of the entities that continue to fuel the country’s growth, resulting in UAE’s distinction as one of the countries in the region with the most stable economies. JAFZA has been a major factor in increasing the country’s gross domestic product. This is proven by information from the International Monetary Fund and the Dubai Statistics Department which says that â€Å"growth over the last 15 years in the number of companies at JAFZA are 3 times that of the  UAE  GDP, and that it outpaced the rate of growth of Dubai's GDP by nearly one and a hal f times† (AME Info, 2010). It is not just in the area of investments that the UAE has benefited from the operations of JAFZA. The Free Zone has also created thousands of jobs for the locals and for migrant workers. In 2001, there were about 40,000 people employed in the companies operating in it but this number further increase in meteoric fashion that by 2010, a workforce of 115,000 was achieved (Banga, 2011). JAFZA has definitely been very advantageous to the emirates. Despite the positive contributions though, the existence of JAFZA and free trade zones, in general, has negative repercussions as well. Per free trade zone rules, the companies that operate here are not required to comply with the laws of the UAE regarding visa requirements, employment, and labour market nationalization. With such freedoms, foreign investors can develop flexible labour schemes that may guarantee higher profits without fear of government intervention to protect the workers’ rights. Hence , this puts the workers in the free zones at a disadvantageous position. While the companies within the premises of the free zone earn bigger, they also enjoy tax holidays or exemptions. JAFZA, similar to other free trade zones elsewhere, guarantee that â€Å"multinational companies enjoy full ownership and profit repatriation within the confines of the free-trade zones† (Kanna, 2011, p.142). This means that the country does not get any share in the profits generated through the operations of the foreign companies existing in

Physiology and Function Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Physiology and Function - Essay Example This condition is tied to deficiencies in the production of red blood cells in its key factory, the bone marrow, and can be caused by a number of factors, including kidney disease in chronic form, cancer, and rheumatoid arthritis, even as some forms of anemia, such as sickle cell anemia, can be passed on from parent to offspring (ADAM, 2012). Basophils: Basophils are a type of white blood cells in the human body (Childrens Hospital and Health System, 2012). As a white blood cell type, its function basically revolves around protection of the body from infections and diseases. This is done via basophils eating up invading pathogens. Their cytoplasmic contents include grain-like substances, and basophils in general have a dark purple to black hue in Wright stains (MedFriendly, n.d.). Eosinophils: Eosinophils are likewise a type of white blood cells in the human body (Childrens Hospital and Health System, 2012). It is also disease and infection fighting. While they are beneficial in attacking foreign bodies, they can cause disease in large amounts, including asthma, and parasitic diseases (MedicineNet, 2012). Erythrocytes: Erythrocyte is another term for red blood cells, and in general, as already discussed above, erythrocyte are involved in oxygen transport throughout the body, emanating from the lungs. They also are the carriers for carbon dioxide. (Childrens Hospital and Health System, 2012). Normal erythrocytes are biconcave, yellow in color, and has in it the hemoglobin oxygen carriers. Abnormal types include basophilic and hypochromic erythrocytes, the latter a condition where red blood cell counts are lower than normal, healthy values (Saunders,

Marketing plan for COCA COLA Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Marketing plan for COCA COLA - Essay Example 5). From the economic perspective, marketers create utility or benefit in forms of time, ownership, place etc (Boone and Kurtz, 2009, p. 5) that produce the want satisfying power for the ultimate users of the products or services in the market. The contemporary marketing environment is highly complex and dynamic due to the influence of technology, competition, and globalization and so on and therefore no marketer would be able to succeed in its market landscape unless it plans better for the future. In order to identify marketing potential and threats for a particular product or service, the marketer has to foresee how different marketing variables can impact its business. Marketing plans in recent years have attracted wider attention of business organizations, because these are found to have helped marketers establish a stronger competitive stance and maintain long term profitability through sustainable competitive advantage. This paper presents a detailed marketing plan for Coca-Co la Company, comprising of major marketing analyses and environmental scan of the company. This paper gives relevant description of marketing objectives and marketing strategies of Coca-Cola, and presents SWOT analysis to analyze both internal and external environments of the company. Introduction Coca-Cola means much more to people than merely something to drink. It has emerged as an American icon with rich tradition and cultural impact among people worldwide (Armstrong & Kotler, 2005, p. 8). A company that started in 1883 has long been successfully keeping its brand relevant for more than 100 years and one among Fortune 500. Coca-Cola has dominated world market for soft drinks and the extent of its brand success can be recognized from the fact that it is recommended instead of normal water in many countries (Johansson, 2009, p. 64). This report presents a marketing plan for Coca-Cola. Planning is an extremely significant element to successfully implementing and performing a marketi ng activity. The main objective of marketing is to sell products or services to the potential customers and therefore a marketing plan should virtually be a strategy to help the marketer gain an advantage over other providers of the similar goods or services in the market (Carpenter and Sanders, 2009, p. 10). Coca-Cola: Company Overview The Coca-Cola Company is world’s largest beverage company that manufactures, distributes and markets non-alcoholic beverage concentrates and syrups. The company licenses and markets more than 500 non-alcoholic beverage brands, mainly sparkling beverages with variety of beverage products such as waters, enhanced waters, juices, juice drinks, ready-to-drink tea and coffee, sport drinks etc (Datamonitor, 2011, Annual Report, 2011). The company owns most famous four brands in beverage, Coca Cola, Diet Coke, Fanta and Sprite. The Coca-Cola Com

Identify the way in which marketing techniques have been successfully Essay

Identify the way in which marketing techniques have been successfully used to create positive perceptions of a star product - Essay Example Kotler (1991) goes further when he said segmentation is the subdividing of market into homogeneous sub-set of customers, where any subset may conceivably be selected as market target to be reached with distinct market mix. A Nigerian Politician in a campaign speech said, â€Å"Vote for the present IT literate generation, not the old generation who still thinks that Blackberry is a kind of fruit† (El-Rufai, 2010). The truism of this statement underlies the success (Appendix I – III) of Blackberry. Made by Research in Motion since 1999, it is one of the smartphones that incorporates different features such as email, PDA, WiFi, etc. The success of Blackberry phones is seen in the Appendix I which shows the increasing revenues throughout the fiscal year 2009. Today, most phone manufacturers have copied the features of Blackberry phones in other to tap into the lucrative market being enjoyed by Blackberry. Nokia, Samsung, LG, among others have all departed from their traditi onal call phones to smartphone technology being pioneered by Blackberry. 2. Definitions of Market Segmentation To fully understand market segmentation, several definitions by scholars and experts will be analyzed. Market segmentation consists of taking the total heterogeneous markets for a product and dividing it into several sub-markets or segments, each of which tends to be homogenous in full significant aspects (Stanton, 1981). According to American Marketing Association, â€Å"Market segmentation refers to dividing the heterogeneous markets into smaller customer groups having certain homogenous characteristics that can be satisfied by the firm† (Jain, 2010). The foregoing definitions are going to point out that segmentation is a valuable strategy to be adopted by firms that want to increase their market shares and revenues. According to Bose (2010) good market segmentation must have the following qualities: accessible to the firm, for instance, if the law prohibits the fi rm from exporting, you cannot have a market segmentation based on an overseas market. It should be sustainable, the returns from the market should be enough to justify the profit target of the firm and the investment made in the market. If the segment does not justify its profit target, it makes no economic sense. Also, it must be measurable. The size and purchasing power of the members of the segments should be known. Finally, the segment should be responsiveness, that is, the market should respond positively to the firms marketing strategies. According to Dibb and Simkin (1997) a range of benefits arise from the market segmentation. First, the process puts customers first, maximizes resources and emphasizes strengths over competitors. Also, it leads to a more focused company culture and the building of inter and intra organizational relationships. According to Beik and Buzby (1973), the concept of market segmentation may be used for strategic alignment of the firm’s product ive capacities with its existing and potential markets. 3. Types of Market Segmentation Market segmentation can generally be classified into 4 broad categories, viz: Geographic, Demographic, Psychological and Behavioural.

Paraphrasing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 37

Paraphrasing - Essay Example Almost all organizations engage in this type of operation in a bid to refine their processes. Task-focussed approach involves consultation that is always accompanied with directives. A case in point is in the universities where the senate, after consulting various stakeholders, may reach a decision and then communicate it to the university fraternity through memos, instructions, or emails. The third approach is charismatic transformation and is commonly applied in organizations such as banks. It is characterised by directed business process and re-engineering as its success is anchored on its functionality that often a times calls for the restructuring of processes. Multinational enterprises on the other hand find themselves operating in environments that are constantly changing. This means that they have to be flexible enough to alter their operations in a frequency which marches the level of their dynamic environment. In such a situation, facilitated and directed approaches may var y to also include aspects of fine tuning and corporate transformation. This in turn gives rise to turnaround transformation that is characterised by both directive style and a bit of coercion. The best case to illustrate this is Toyota’s lean Just-In-Time manufacturing technique which seeks to eliminate waste during the production process. Different factors account to organizational failure during change management. Among the prime factors is the absence of effective communication. Communication of the change process to the stakeholders is a critical ingredient in winning their commitment to a cause. The leader thus has the responsibility to let every interested party understand why the change is important, how they will benefit from it, and what will remain unaltered to take care of anxieties and resistances that are likely to crop up. It is

The Influence of Social Thinking Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Influence of Social Thinking - Essay Example Many people judge another person's personality and mood by only processing a small amount of information about them. We may see a person laughing at the grocery store and think they have a jovial spirit. When we see them at work, they may be cold and aloof. People are often judged by these situational moods. Yet, the person is adapting to the situation. This overemphasis on personality and the underestimation of the situation is known as fundamental attribution error (Myers 706). The person has changed their behavior to react to a different situation. This error can cause us to label and catalog people falsely. When we use only mood and behavior to judge a person and overlook the situation it's an attribution error. When we react to situations it is sometimes difficult to understand how much is our behavior being controlled by our own attitudes and how much our behavior is controlling what we think. Often times people are told 'make the best of it'. There may be a class that a student doesn't enjoy yet approaches it with a positive attitude. If other outside influences are minimal, we may do well in the class (Myers 709). However, if people tell us we will fail in the class, and we don't take any action to change the attitude, we will likely fail. Knowing that our attitude can change our behavior can be beneficial in changing our lives. We may not be able to change dramatically or quickly, but we may be able to alter our behavior a step at a time. The foot-in-the-door phenomenon states that when people agree to a small action they are more likely to agree to a larger action at a later time (Myers 709). By understanding this we can also incorporate the cognitive dissonance theory that states that we can bring our "attitudes in line with our actions" (Myers 711). By taking an attitude that we want to project, we can alter our behavior. As much as our own attitudes and social situations determine our behavior, the group that we are in exerts even more pressure. Experiments by Solomon Asch confirmed that people feel a need to conform (Myers 714). The group we are in exaggerates this need. If we are insecure, the group is large, we admire the group, and the group is unanimous, it increases our likelihood of conforming (Myers 715). This is how lone holdouts on juries are eventually swayed into changing their vote. It is also how we are persuaded to take an action we may feel is wrong. We may also conform to a group for the same reasons and elicit a positive outcome. A study group, church meeting, or volunteer organization may prompt us to behave in a positive manner. Yet, in some groups there is no general consensus and opposing views are suppressed resulting in "groupthink" (Myers 722). Panels, boards, and committees have often made serious blunders by succumbing to the phenomenon. While these group pressures may result in a bad decision, they can also become destructive and overpowering. The experiments of Stanley Milgram illustrated how far people were willing to go to conform (Myers 717). People will go beyond simply conforming and to the level of blind obedience. This is especially true if the group influence has the perception of authority and the authority is close at hand (Myers 717). The influence of people is also seen when they affect our actions such as in "social facilitation" (Myers

Millers dramatic presentation Essay Example for Free

Millers dramatic presentation Essay Discuss Arthur Millers dramatic presentation of Mary Warren in The Crucible. Arthur Millers play The Crucible is based on the events in a 17th Century town called Salem, where a young girl by the name of Abigail Williams cries witchcraft when she is almost charged for conjuring spells. Abigail and her friends were caught dancing on night around a fire by their town priest and Abigails uncle Reverend Parris. After that day strange things were believed to have happened, consequently leading to a lot of women being charged of witchcraft. This was quite unfortunate as back in 1692 the penalty of witchcraft was hanging. In Act one, Mary is presented as a naive, scared and a lonely, seventeen year old girl. Whom evidently is bullied by her employer John Proctor and the other girls in the village, especially Abigail, as she is petrified at been called a witch by the other village people. Mary also comes across as being pathetic in the sense that she has no real friends and relies on a liar like Abigail for trust. Miller in his own words, describes Mary Warren as a naive, lonely, subservient seventeen year old girl, who is treated with little respect by Abigail and the other girls. Oh, youre a great one for lookin, arent you Mary Warren? What a grand peeping courage you have! It is possible that the other girls are in fact terrified of her, knowing that she is weak and can easily slip up under pressure, reviling their doings in the forest that night. When she meets John Proctor, a strong willed character who is not afraid to speak his mind, Mary expectedly is very frightened of him as he regularly threatens her and occasionally refers to giving her a whipping! Ill show you a great doin on your arse one of these days. Now get home; my wife is waitin with your work! Mary very quickly jumps to the sound of his voice and as Miller describes in a stage direction, trying to retain a shred of dignity, she goes slowly out. This highlights the control some like Proctor has on someone like Mary. In Act two, the audience learns a great deal about the events happening in Salem through Mary, hence she being made an official of the court. This in a way speaks on its own, how totally out of hand the situation in Salem has become with someone of Mary stature being made an official of the court and the share pace of everything in just eight days. Mary later informs us on the amount accused, No sir. There be thirty-nine now This being thirty-nine women, thirty-nine charges and trials of those being accused of witchcraft, in just eight days from when Abigail fist accused Tituba of witchcraft! Through Mary, the audience is made aware of the influence Abigail has on the court and the Salem community and reveals how Elizabeth was accused with sending her spirit out against Abigail. This was due to Abigail dislike of Elizabeth and desire to get rid of her so she could have John Proctor all to herself. Hence Mary immediately connects herself to the condemning of Abigails accusation and saving of Elizabeths life. I saved her life today! Miller ensures that the audience are aware of the absurdity of the situation in Salem, due to the court appointing a servant girl like Mary as an official. Unlike Proctor, she doesnt speak out of her place and listens and does everything she is told to by such people like Parris or Danforth which could explain why the court were keen to appoint some like her as an official. Although we also notice a change in Mary Warrens character from being a good, obedient servant to a slightly ruthless more and self confident young woman. Ill not stand whipping anymore! This is directed at Proctor as he tries to order Mary around, but fails. Furthermore, on her return from court, Mary unknowingly condemns Elizabeth by giving her a poppet with a needle placed in it as a gift she had earlier on that day in court. We later discover that this proves to be very unfortunate on Elizabeths behalf as she is later charged for sending her spirit out against Abigail and stabbing her. After Elizabeth is taken away, Proctor realises that in order to save his wife, he needs Mary to support him in court as a witness against Abigail and the other girls. To prove all their outbursts in court of being attacked by spirits were false and just an act. At the end of Act two Mary is clearly frightened by Elizabeths arrest, as she really begins to see Abigail true influence over the court and ends up being bullied to give evidence against her. In Act three when Mary arrives in court to accuse the girls of lying, she seems to refer to her previous characteristics in Act one of being very quite and frightened, as to what the other girls might do to her if she talks. I cannot, theyll turn on me This taken from the end of Act two and shows the hold of fear someone like Abigail still has on her. On of the most dramatic incidents in the play, is when all the other girls turn on Mary by saying they see her spirit and begin to repeat whatever she says: Mary: Abby, you mustnt! Abby+ other girls: Abby, you mustnt! This eventually make Mary realise that she will be accused of witchcraft if she continues to oppose Abigail and evidently Mary turns against Proctor and accuses him of making her defy the court and turning her to the devil. Thus Mary returns to her new found personality of being confidents and only thinking of herself. In conclusion, Mary Warrens character makes The Crucible tenser through Arthur Millers dramatic presentation of her. Presented through his description of her being and subservient in the begging of Act one, to her speaking and acting on, with more confidence in Act two. In addition, in Act three Mary is once again bullied by Abigail and Proctor to an extent that she breaks down into tears at one point and speaks out of proportion to save herself. Therefore once again she ends up being described in the manner of being terrified, pleading and almost collapsing, when she is finally pushed by Abigail and Proctor to designate between them. Thus she is once again a pathetic loner!

Summarise the main development of a child from the age range 0-2, 3-5 years and 5-8 years Essay Example for Free

Summarise the main development of a child from the age range 0-2, 3-5 years and 5-8 years Essay Development is the process of gaining new skills in all areas of life. All children are individuals so, although they will all go through the same stages of development, they may not necessarily go through these at the same time. For this reason, the term ‘average child’ is used when talking about the process of development, but we should consider each child’s development progress individually. The development of a child is usually categorised into five main areas: Physical, Intellectual, Emotional, Social and Language. Physical Development. A newborn baby will lie on his back with his head to one side and his head will lag when he is pulled up to sit. He will have primitive reflexes, such as grasping and sucking. By 3 months he will be able to kick his legs, play with his own hands and lift his own head. At 6 months, he will be able to sit with support and pass a toy from one hand to the other. He will have made a large transition by 9 months and may sit without support, crawl or shuffle and will begin to use his index, middle finger and thumb together to pick up small items. He will have begun to walk unaided by 18 months, can use a spoon and will attempt to kick a ball. By 2 years, he will be able to use a pencil to make simple forms, build a tower of six bricks and start to use his preferred hand. Between 3 and 5 years, he will have the capacity to jump from a low step, pedal a tricycle and turn single pages in a book. His gross motor skills improvement will mean that he will be able to walk backwards and forwards along a line and aim, throw and catch a large ball. By 8 years old he will be able to jump from heights and he will have improved his balancing skills enough to walk along a wall or beam and ride a bicycle without stabilisers. The improvement in his fine motor skills will allow him to control a pencil in a small area and do detailed drawing. He will also have the control to tie and untie his shoelaces and build intricate models. Intellectual (or cognitive) development. Intellectual development is about how children learn, think and develop ideas. Children develop intellectually at different rates and some in areas that others do not. At birth a baby will blink in reaction to bright light and cry as a response to his basic needs. By 6 months he is easily distracted by movements and objects and will make attempts to reach out for  them. He will also put everything in his mouth. By 12 months he will recognise familiar people at 6 metres and be able to imitate those around him and the moods they express, for example laughing when someone he is with is laughing. By 2 years old he will enjoy imaginary play and will often talk to himself. He will be able to point to and recognise the names of parts of the body. Between the ages of 3 and 5 years, his fine motor skills will have increased enough to be able to control a pencil adequately and cut with scissors. He will be able to draw a square and a range of letters, some spontaneously and paint with a large paint brush. At 5 years of age, the concepts of numeracy and literacy will be within his capabilities and many children will be able to count and recognise simple words. Between the ages of 6 and 8 his ability to write will be developing, he will read simple books, predict next events and he will know his birthday. Emotional Development From birth a baby will be able to respond to their main carer. He will gaze intently at his carer and by 6 weeks will start to smile as a response to recognition of that person. At 6 months he will show the first signs of distress at the separation from his carer and fear of strangers.He will also actively seek attention.Between 9 and 12 months, he will enjoy the company of those people that he is familiar with. From 1 year old he will be more demanding and assertive and temper tantrums may start. He distinguishes between himself and others, but he is still egocentric and shows rage at being told ‘no’. He is also starting to develop object permanence, he no longer believes that an object that has been hidden is actually no longer there. At 2 years of age he will enjoy other children’s company but will still be reluctant to share his toys. He will, however, be able to cope with short periods of separation from his carer, for example while at nursery. At 3 years he is more aware of his own feelings and able to explain to others how he is feeling Between 5 and 8 years he will enjoy co-operative play and understand reasoning and taking turns. He will be increasingly less anxious about separation and have a good sense of self awareness. Social Development A baby is born with the ability to be sociable. If a baby becomes distressed, he can often be pacified by the sight, touch or smell of his main carer.Between the ages of 3 and 12 months he will be able to interact with his environment, imitating the moods displayed by others. He will discover how to play alone and entertain himself for lengthy periods. With his increasing mobility, he will become more confident and between 2 and 5 years old he will learn to make friends, even though at times he may resort to tantrums when he does not get his own way. By 8 years old he will be fairly independent and confident with an increasing sense of right and wrong and he will be able to form firm friendships with his peers. Language Development There are two distinct stages of language development; pre-linguistic and linguistic. The pre-linguistic stage is from birth to 12 months, when he starts to say his first words.This is the period in which a baby can only express himself by crying, when basic needs require attention, cooing, in response to his carer’s talk and gurgling or chuckling when playing. From about 9 months, he will begin to ‘babble’ sounds such as ‘mama’ or ‘dada’ and he will be able to imitate simple animal noises. The linguistic stage from 1 year old will bring the beginnings of recognisable words and the ‘average’ child will have a vocabulary of around 50 words by the time he is 2. Between 2 and 3 years he has a rapidly expanding vocabulary and can become frustrated if he is unable to express himself in words. By 5 years old he will be a confident speaker and will recognise new words and ask the meaning of them. His vocabulary will be in the region of some 5000 words. By 8 years old he will be able to speak in different tenses and explain himself with confidence.

Durkheims Approach to Sociological Analysis

Durkheims Approach to Sociological Analysis Outline the main features of Durkheims approach to sociological analysis, and discuss how this may be used to understand suicide rate. Durkheim was a French positivist, with an emphasis on functionalism, which revolves around a biological analogy where in society, is seen as an organic whole with each component working to maintain the others, similar to the human body. Its main interest is seeing how these parts create a stable whole. One of the main areas of Durkheims approach is the focus on social facts, these are social phenomena and ways of thinking and behaving that restrain individuals in some manner or other and can include institutions such as the state and education. They appear from collectively formed rules and practices, be they religious or secular and are beyond our control as individuals. Because of these social facts individuals have littler or no control over their own actions, rather than constructing their own world they are directed by the system as society needs certain social behaviours and phenomena to survive. These social facts are passed on from generation to generation and shared among the individuals. From this perspective it is not individual will that drives behaviours but rather the common norms and values of society that shape ones consciousness. Not only are these types of behaviour and thinking external to the individual, but they are endued with a compelling and coercive power b y virtue of which, whether he wishes it or not, they impose themselves upon him (Durkheim, 1895 pp50). These social facts form the basis of a collective consciousness, which Durkheim sees as the body of beliefs and sentiments common to the average members of a society (Durkheim, 1893). This collective consciousness promotes solidarity, forging a common bond between individuals in a society, creating a form of order and stability. Without a form of moral consensus there would be conflict and disorder From where interest is the only ruling for each individual finds himself in a state of was with every other (Durkheim, 1973, p89) Since the collective consciousness is a social fact it too constrains individuals to act in terms of the greater good and for the good of the society and is deeply imprinted on the individual as without it there would be no society as we know it. These social facts can have problems if they regulate too much or not enough, without enough control the individual would give in to their own wants and desires, with too much they would feel repressed, inevitably both will lead to deviance, that being going against the norms and values of society. From a collective consciousness come two forms of solidarity, organic and mechanical. Organic solidarity is based upon a dependence that individuals in an advanced society place on each other. It is common among societies where the division of labor is high. Though individuals perform different tasks and often have different values and interests, the order and survival of society depends on their reliance on each other to perform their specific tasks. Mechanical solidarity on the other hand is based upon the similarities among individuals in a society, within it people feel connected through similar work, education and religious practices. It primarily exists in societies that possess a low division of labour where this is little interdependence between individuals and where there is a basic or lack of organisation and compared to societies with organic solidarity there is more value placed on religion, society and its interests and there is a greater collective consciousness and les s emphasise placed on individualism, that being where you count yourself as an individual rather than part of a group, putting yourself first etc (Haralambos 2004 pp). From organic solidarity and individualism can come anomie, this is a sense of normlessness, where norms themselves are unclear, broken down or unregulated If the rules of the conjugal morality lose their authority, and the mutual obligations of husband and wife become less respected, the emotions and appetites ruled by this sector of morality will become unrestricted and uncontained, and accentuated by this very release; powerless to fulfil themselves because they have been freed from all limitations, these emotions will produce a disillusionment which manifests itself visibly(Durkheim, 1972, p. 173) He noted that it was common in societies that possessed a less defined collective consciousness and a higher amount of individualismThe state of anomie is impossible whenever interdependent organs are sufficiently in cont act and sufficiently extensive. If they are close to each other, they are readily aware, in every situation, of the need which they have of one-another, and consequently they have an active and permanent feeling of mutual dependence.(Durkheim, 1895, p184) Imbalances in the amount of regulation caused by social facts and the amount of integration from solidarity are one of the main factors within suicide, less advanced societies having too much integration and regulation and industrial societies have too littler of either. Durkheim said that suicide was a social act, not entirely an individual one revolving around the relationships between the individual and society. He found that there was a correlation between the suicide rate and various social facts. For example he found that suicide rates were higher in protestant countries than catholic ones, he also found that there was a low rate during times of social and political upheaval due to the amount of solidarity that such events creates (Durkheim in Marsh, pp66-69). He laid out four types of suicide, depending on the degree that individuals were involved in society and on the degree that their behaviour was regulated. The four types being egoistic, anomic, altruistic and fatalistic. Egoistic suicide is common in industrial societies with high amounts of division of labour and comes from a high amount of individualism, which stems from a low amount of integration due to a weak collective consciousness from the social groups from which they originally belonged; in effect society allows the individual to escape it In this case the bond attaching man to life relaxes because that attaching himself to society is itself slack (Durkheim in Marsh pp67). This sort of suicide Durkheim said accounted for the differences of suicide rates between Protestants and Catholics, with Catholicisms demanding a higher amount of conformity, in comparison to the Protestant church that encouraged the individual to interpret the religious texts in their own way without stigma. Another type of suicide common in industrial societies is anomic which results from a low amount of regulation. It occurs when norms and values are disrupted by social change, procuring feelings of uncertainty with in the individual. Whenever serious readjustments take place in the social order, whether or not due to a sudden growth or to an unexpected catastrophe, men are more inclined to self destruction (Durkheim in K. Thompson, 1971, pp109) Durkheim found that suicide rates rose during positive as well as negative directions of social change. He noted that there was a rise after the crash of the Paris stock exchange in 1882 and the conquest of Rome in 1870 by Victor-Emmanuel which resulted in rising salaries and living standards but also a rise in the suicide rate. On the opposite side of the spectrum is altruistic suicide that comes from a high amount of integration and strong feeling of society and solid collective consciousness. This form of suicide is mostly present in pre-industrial societies who possess mechanical solidarity. This was seen as a self sacrifice for the good of the group This sacrifice then is imposed by society for social ends (Durkheim in Marsh, pp68). It is not done because it seen as the best option but more out of a sense of duty to said group. For someone to do such an act out of duty then they must have little self worth, the individual being fully submerged into a group and feeling like just a part of a greater thing, thus highly integrated. For society to be able to compel some of its members to kill themselves, the individual personality can have little value. For as soon as the latter begins to form, the right to existence is the first conceded (Ibid, pp68) Various examples of this can be seen throughout history, Vikings considers it dishonourable to die of old age or sickness and so ended their own lives to avoid social disgrace. Durkheim placed no importance on fatalistic suicide, saying that it had more place in history than in modern societies. It occurred when society restricted an individual so much that they were repressed, feeling that they had no futures or dreams. One of the major criticisms of Durkheims analysis is his concepts of integration and regulation. Durkheim gives no hint as to how one would measure integration or regulation for example he simply asks us to assume that such underlying concepts are significant in relation to the explanation of suicide. He assumes that suicidal behavior results from a deviation from normal levels of integration and regulation. We are given no idea what exactly is a normal level, so we cannot say what amount of regulation and integration is normal or abnormal (Web ref 1). However with some work, it could be possible to come up with various test relating to theses concepts, so that we could measure them among different groups in society. A second criticism is that his work on suicide is based upon official statistics from the 19th century He gives us little idea about the reliability of the source of the statistics and the methods used in recording them could not be up to scratch, some could be wrong, s ince they were hand written things could be misread and so on. Another factor is that the determination of suicide involves is process of interpretation by numerous people such as policemen, doctors, coroners etc (Ibid). In this respect, we have no real way of determining either the reliability or validity of suicide statistics. The coroner is the one who decides whether death was due to suicide or not and various factors can sway his judgment towards it not being so. The individuals verdict depends on their outlook on their work and on their outlook on suicide. Some would be thorough in the investigation whilst others would be concerned about not intruding upon the rights and feelings of the surviving relatives. For example if the victim was Catholic, since traditionally the Catholic Church view suicide as a sin, the coroner may well make his decision based on the effect that the stigma that a suicide verdict carries may have on the relatives. It is known that coroners in Catholic countries such as Italy and Mexico are more-reluctant to classify a suspicious death as suicide than coroners in non-Catholic countries. Another fact is that some countries suicide is classified as a crime, in such countries, coroners tend to be more-reluctant to classify a death as suicide than in countries where such a law does not apply, for example when suicide was illegal in Britain the punishment was that deceased property would be ceased by the state, so it would be justifiable to deem a suicide as something else to avert any more tragedy. Also where the victim was insured against death, coroners tend to be less likely to classify death as suicide than in instances where there is none, as such an act can void the coverage. One final criticism is that he does not take into look into individual action as a cause; however he does briefly acknowledge it but claims that it has no part in sociology (Ibid) Bibliography Durkheim, E (1973). Moral Education. Macmillan USA Durkheim, E (1975). On Morality and Society. revised ed. Chicago: Chicago University Press Durkheim, E (1982). The Rules of the Sociological Method. revised ed. London: The Free Press. Durkheim, E (1997). The Division of Labour in Society. revised ed. London: The Free Press Haralambos and Holborn (2004). Sociology themes and perspectives. 6th ed. London: Collin Marsh.I (1998). Classic and Contemporary Readings in Sociology. London: Pretince Hall. Thompson.K and Tunstall.J (1983). Sociological Perspectives. 9th ed. London: Penguin Books

Privacy on Social Networks Essay -- Security Privacy Web

This essay will discuss and critically analyse whether or not existing data protection laws protect the privacy of individuals whose personal information has been disclosed on social networking sites. Over the last decade social networking sites (SNS) have increased their popularity among the people. These SNS are mySpace, facebook, twitter, bebo etc. There are various reasons of people using these sites. However, majority of SNS users are those people who use these sites for social networking e.g. chatting with friends, sharing their interests etc. These SNS users do not only have data relating to them but also the data of third parties. Many of these users do not take care of other people’s personal information, for example, they share their family and friends information with other strange people. It is not that only SNS users do not take essential care of other’s personal information, SNS themselves seems uninterested to protect personal information of its users. One should know what personal information is according to data protection directive? According to (article 2 (a)) of the data protection Directive, the information that qualifies as personal information is â€Å"Information only qualifies as personal data if it directly or indirectly relates to an identified or identifiable natural person. In order to determine whether a person is identifiable, account should be taken of all the means likely to be reasonably used either by the controller or by any other person to identify the said person (recital 26). As a result, most information that is made available on a social network (messages, photos, personal preferences, lists of friends) qualifies as personal data†. (Eecke, P V., and Truyens, M, 2010) The relationship... ...ivacy [Accessed 23/11/2010]. Michells, S (2008) Teachers’ Virtual Lives Conflict With Classroom [Online] .Available from: http://abcnews.go.com/TheLaw/story?id=4791295&page=1 [Accessed 01/12/2010]. King, J., N and Jessen, W, P () Computer Law & Security Review: Profiling the mobile customer – Privacy concerns whe behavioral advertisers target mobile phones. [Online]. Volume 26, Issue 5, September 2010, Pages 455-478. Available from: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6VB3-5148KHG-2&_user=7302582&_coverDate=09%2F30%2F2010&_rdoc=2&_fmt=high&_orig=browse&_origin=browse&_zone=rslt_list_item&_srch=doc-info%28%23toc%235915%232010%23999739994%232448744%23FLA%23display%23Volume%29&_cdi=5915&_sort=d&_docanchor=&_ct=13&_acct=C000010139&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=7302582&md5=53de92f66e34be4a93c2b10f879597a0&searchtype=a [Accessed 02/12/2010]. Privacy on Social Networks Essay -- Security Privacy Web This essay will discuss and critically analyse whether or not existing data protection laws protect the privacy of individuals whose personal information has been disclosed on social networking sites. Over the last decade social networking sites (SNS) have increased their popularity among the people. These SNS are mySpace, facebook, twitter, bebo etc. There are various reasons of people using these sites. However, majority of SNS users are those people who use these sites for social networking e.g. chatting with friends, sharing their interests etc. These SNS users do not only have data relating to them but also the data of third parties. Many of these users do not take care of other people’s personal information, for example, they share their family and friends information with other strange people. It is not that only SNS users do not take essential care of other’s personal information, SNS themselves seems uninterested to protect personal information of its users. One should know what personal information is according to data protection directive? According to (article 2 (a)) of the data protection Directive, the information that qualifies as personal information is â€Å"Information only qualifies as personal data if it directly or indirectly relates to an identified or identifiable natural person. In order to determine whether a person is identifiable, account should be taken of all the means likely to be reasonably used either by the controller or by any other person to identify the said person (recital 26). As a result, most information that is made available on a social network (messages, photos, personal preferences, lists of friends) qualifies as personal data†. (Eecke, P V., and Truyens, M, 2010) The relationship... ...ivacy [Accessed 23/11/2010]. Michells, S (2008) Teachers’ Virtual Lives Conflict With Classroom [Online] .Available from: http://abcnews.go.com/TheLaw/story?id=4791295&page=1 [Accessed 01/12/2010]. King, J., N and Jessen, W, P () Computer Law & Security Review: Profiling the mobile customer – Privacy concerns whe behavioral advertisers target mobile phones. [Online]. Volume 26, Issue 5, September 2010, Pages 455-478. Available from: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6VB3-5148KHG-2&_user=7302582&_coverDate=09%2F30%2F2010&_rdoc=2&_fmt=high&_orig=browse&_origin=browse&_zone=rslt_list_item&_srch=doc-info%28%23toc%235915%232010%23999739994%232448744%23FLA%23display%23Volume%29&_cdi=5915&_sort=d&_docanchor=&_ct=13&_acct=C000010139&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=7302582&md5=53de92f66e34be4a93c2b10f879597a0&searchtype=a [Accessed 02/12/2010].

The Policies of Olivares and the Problems of Spain :: Olivares Spain Foreign Policies Essays

The Policies of Olivares and the Problems of Spain Introduction ‘The view is rapidly gaining currency that not only did Olivares’ policies for Spain and its empire not differ markedly from those of earlier Spanish statesmen, but that by and large the results of his manifold endeavours were both few and modest.’ This understanding of the historiography of Olivares’ effectiveness from Israel, makes Olivares look unoriginal and ineffectual. However other historians, such as Elliott have been far more sympathetic. ‘†¦the first and the last ruler of Hapsburg Spain who had the breadth of vision to devise plans on a grand scale for the future of a world-wide monarchy: a statesman whose capacity for conceiving great designs was matched only by his consistent incapacity for carrying them through to a successful conclusion.’ Were Olivares’ policies a realistic way out of Spain’s difficulties or did they aggravate the situation? To understand this I am going to look at both Olivares’ foreign policy and domestic policy. Within foreign policy I propose to see how far Olivares pushed the reputacià ³n of the state before domestic crises forced him to seek peace. Among others the best areas to examine would be Olivares’ policies during the Thirty Years War from 1622; the Mantuan War 1628-31 and the great revolts of Catalonia and Portugal in 1640. As for domestic policy I will need to look at Olivares’ initial reforms of 1623, why they fell through and the effect this had. Furthermore it is important to look at the areas where domestic policy coincides with foreign policy (in a defensive sense) in the Great Memorial, including the Union of Arms. I will also have to find out if Olivares’ policies were consistent, or whether they became more and more drastic during his t erm of office. Firstly though, to understand if the policies were realistic or not, I will have to look into the real problems of Spain. Where exactly did these problems lie and what areas required alteration to keep Spain afloat? From this point I will go on to see the policies in action and from this I will gather whether or not they were realistic. 1. The problems with Spain On an international scale, Spain between 1580 and 1620 was at the crest of her wealth and power. Her supremacy was the dread of all other nations, and therefore its destruction was the cherished object of statesmen for a century.

Frankenstein as a Modern Cyborg? Essays -- Frankenstein essays

Frankenstein as a Modern Cyborg?      Ã‚   The creature ("demon") created by Victor Frankenstein in Mary Shelley's Frankenstein, or, The Modern Prometheus occupies a space that is neither quite masculine nor quite feminine, although he is clearly both created as a male and desires to be in the masculine role. Judith Halberstam describes this in-between-ness as being one of the primary characteristics of the Gothic monster--being in a space that's not easily classified or categorized, and therefore being rendered unintelligible and monstrous. Donna J. Haraway posits that the post-modern science fiction cyborg occupies a similar in-between space, or, perhaps, a non-space. Similarly, Cathy Griggs argues that the post-modern lesbian is linked to this notion of the cyborg. The lesbian is rendered monstrous in social discourse by her desire to ascend into the phallic privilege, connecting this in-between-ness as both a monstrous trait and a cybernetic one. Further, the transgender man (female-to-male) occupies a similar di scursive space and provides us with a post-modern link to Frankenstein's creature, as both are surgically constructed men, a construction that, in the eyes of society, renders them monstrous (particularly for trans-men who can't pass). Frankenstein's creature embodies gender transgression on two levels, both of which are the fuel for Victor's horror: the first being the creature's status as being a surgically constructed male, the second being Victor's own gender transgression in co-opting the feminine trait of reproduction, transforming his laboratory into a virtual womb. Given the scientific origin of the creature, as well as both its and Victor's unstable gender, is it possible that the modern Gothic monster pre-fi... ...th. Gender Trouble: Feminism and the Subversion of Identity. New York: Routledge, 1990. Griggers, Cathy. "Lesbian Bodies in the Age of (Post)mechanical Reproduction." Fear of a Queer Planet. Ed. Michael Warner. Minneapolis: U of Minnesota P, 1993. 178-192. Halberstam, Judith. Skin Shows: Gothic Horror and the Technology of Monsters. Second ed. Durham: Duke UP, 1995. Haraway, Donna J. "The Promises of Monsters: A Regenerative Politics for Inappropriate/d Others." Cultural Studies. Eds. Lawrence Grossberg, Cary Nelson and Paula A. Treichler. New York: Routledge, 1992. 295-337. Haraway, Donna J. Simians, Cyborgs, and Women: The Reinvention of Nature. New York: Routledge, 1991. Shelley, Mary. Frankenstein, or The Modern Prometheus. 1983 ed. New York: The Penguin Group, 1963. Zizek, Slavoj. The Sublime Object of Ideology. London: Verso, 1989.

Curleys Wife Victim or Dynamite? Essay

Introduction In the novella, â€Å"Of Mice and Men â€Å", written by John Steinbeck, he is able to portray the fact that the character that was mainly involved in Lennie’s downfall was Curley’s Wife or that she has brought all the problems for the men living working in the farm. There are different points of view on whether she is Miss Dynamite or a victim. Nevertheless there are different facts that need to be considered for both sides of the argument. Second Paragraph One of the arguments of the novella is whether Curley’s Wife is Miss Dynamite or on whether she is a victim. She comes in the story as a very strong character and the reader is able to perceive this. She is always trying to seduce men and this is incorrect as she is a married woman. â€Å"She smiled archly and twitched her body†. This gives the impression that she is not interested in what others think and the only thing that she is thinking about is in having fun. Women that were married weren’t supposed to that kind of fun. She conveys that she is not concerned about her husband. If she would be interested in her marriage she might maybe have a good time and in some way start loving her husband. However there is the detail that her husband is not always with her â€Å"I’m trying to find Curley Slim†. She is really not interested in finding Curley, she just wants some companion but she could talk that with her husband and start to solve the problems within them and start to enjoy the company between them. Moreover she should not act as a victim and she could really do something about the fact that she is bored. She could read a book or do some other activities and as mentioned before she could talk to her husband about it. What she is doing is not benefiting anyone, she is getting herself and the workers into trouble and she, instead of becoming a nice person to be around, becomes an annoying person. On the other hand there is the argument that she is a victim on how she is being treated and the fact that she is really lonely and that her husband does not pay any attention to her.

Mastering Biology Suggested Answer Book Essay

The rate of reaction increases when the polyphenol oxidase constriction increases. 1m b Rate of reaction = 1/18 = 0.056 1m From the graph, the enzyme concentration is around 1.15%. 1m c Use boiled enzyme in the tube. 1m d The enzyme does not work in acerb medium. / The enzyme is denatured in acidic medium. 1m e The colour qualify becomes faster at start 0.5m as enzyme activity increases with temperature. 0.5m When temperature becomes also high, no further colour change will be observed 0.5m as the enzyme is denatured. 0.5m f The rate of reaction drops / halt if all active sites of the enzymes atomic number 18 blocked. 1m The inhibitor competes with normal substrate for active sites. 1m 11 HKCEE biological science 2003 I Q3b Essay (p. 4-23) 12 Enzymes are biological catalysts, speeding up metabolic reactions without being used. 1m Enzymes can be reused.Enzyme molecules refund to its original form after complementary the reaction. 1m Enzymes are required in relatively small amount because enzymes remain unchanged in the reaction. 1m Enzymes are proteins. They are soft denatured by high temperatures and native values of pH. 1m The actions of enzymes are specific. Each enzyme catalyses that one type of reaction. 1m Examples of enzyme application biological washing powder, papain in meat tenderizers, enzyme to change state milk to produce cheese, enzyme to modify the stiffen in bread, enzymes to break down works cell wall in proceeds juices, enzymes to remove hairs from hides 1m Advantages of using enzymes in the to a higher place applications Enzymes are specific in action. This reduces the doing of unwanted products. 1m Enzymes are efficient in small amounts. This lowers the cost of production.

Cultural Management Issues in International Business Essay

Cultural issues in line of descent argon a pheno menon born by orbicularization of the merchandise where companies invest in a unknown art slight to bring the agri destination of the host country and the friendships culture into contact. Today, numerous external companies have rushed to invest in abroad to gain additional profits from worldwide customers. The tradeplace today is defined by global market that permits sharing of customers worldwide. However, during fierce competition, the market winners become the companies that who infer the Chinese culture. Cultural piece resource instruction is critic for international companies in such situation. The market globalization has resulted to multinational practices and enterprises for additional profit and opportunities. in that respect is myriad literature on cross-cultural humans resource guidance that guides international companies. Practically, some companies woolly-headed managing of cultural human resource which makes them fail.Summary of the eccentric person StudyIn April 2003, top managers and programmers run lowing for a start-up internet B2B company known as Alibaba in the south of Chinaw are summoned by the company join and given a secret mission. They were told to develop a C2C Internet auction site within three months as a counter attack to the much-celebrated eBay presentation into the Chinese market. The new company was named Taobao, to mean measure out hunting. Similarly, the mission was impossible. eBay became the goliath of the e-commerce world, with mastery recorded in the US and the prowess in the international operations and market (Hang, Wenjiang, Xing & Ziwei, 2013). Besides, the company is adequately armed in the pockets and developers. Meanwhile, Alibaba was just an internet starting company and had less(prenominal)(prenominal) knowledge on international judge investors than the to the racyest degree of the consumers in china and is still struggling to exc eed the aftermath of the dot com cash.By the end of 2006, Taobao proclaimed its possession of 30 one thousand million active report users, while it was estimated at 75% of the total C2C user markets in china. Besides, the total number of transactions exceeded 16 million RMB, estimated at $ 2.07. Conversely, eBay china announced in December 2006 that it would negotiate a knock venture with a local anesthetic company (Hang, Wenjiang, Xing & Ziwei, 2013). Therefore, it transferred its C2C operation to the joint venture in exchange for a 49% stake is the joint company. At the same time, the C2C marketing had experienced explosive growth from 6 million users to 40 million users. The company stakeholders include the passing educated, professional elite and experienced employees, and executives experienced in western education and are hired worldwide. Besides, the stakeholders of Taobao included lastly motivated college students who considered each as brothers and sisters in the com pany and were only promoted within the company. The executives were local graduates and most(prenominal) promoted from the local company.The case study explores the question wherefore the international internet firms suffered a setback and defeats in trying to grow in the emerging Chinese e-commerce market. Additionally, the essay offers some insights into how multinational firms could compete with the local companies. The case study is based on the deuce explore rivals in china eBay and Taobao. possibleness analytic thinkingCultural issues in affair management are geared towards the establishment of the line of merchandise goals through expeditious and effective organizing, coordinating, planning, staffing, directing and controlling the resources of the organization. To detail, most business entities differ in a new milieu for cultural management. Theoretically, the five culture dimensions clearly enunciate the similarities and differences in cultures of various countries. A ccording to Professor Geert Hofstedes research that was conducted on international business management, he concluded four culture dimensions. Individualism IDV, military force outmatch magnate PDI, uncertainty shunning ability UAI and masculinity MAS, however, he later summarized with the long-term taste LTO. The research was done to analyze the influence on cultural issues that affect international business.The Context of the TheoryPower Distance IndexThe PDI tells how much the less powerful countrys bulk compliancy and accept the uneven power distributed. The societal inconsistency if followed by the difference in rafts earlier sprightliness experiences such as norms and values. The PDI very much connects to centralization of power, decision do and leadership in businesses. Companies with steep PDI, employees and subordinates rely on their leader and high power distance is formed thorough the habits of obeying and relying of subordinates to the managers (Hang, Wenjian g & Xing 2013) . However, the less powerful employees will make efforts to bring rarify the gap mingled with them and the manager. outside(a) business faces disputes of come across various cultures with dissimilar power distance culture. The set back beneath represents the analysis of the companies power distance index and the related problems that may exist.low power distance Italian managers high power distance subordinates Chinese problem that may exist people with more and less power can be friends there is no friendship between the low and high power distance people the managers feel the challenge of getting close to employees managers seen as making decisions in consultation with the subordinates subordinates fear to disagree with the managers decision making styles are less good and can non match people should rely on each other stemma Hofstede, 2011 351 360IndividualismReferring to Hang, Wenjiang, Xing & Ziwei, (2013) cultures tend in individualism and sovietism is mainly focused on a persons values, needs, and serves their individual interest. The relations from other persons are regarded as less significant than oneself. In simile with individualism, inclined business culture is focused on a combination of fond organizations divided into immaterial and inside groups. Employees hope to be cared for by the people inside the group in exchange of their devotion and can sacrifice for the group. Consequently, the individualist evinces on the wideness to themselves in the business, and they hope to be watched by the stakeholders. The individualists, therefore, assay to do better and better and become the best, value their ability and gaining strong upward mobility. The table infra represents individualism in international business translation of the self structure of goals tension on norms versus steads emphasis on rationality versus relatednessItalian individualism managers supreme and interdependent from groups antecedency to per sonal goals attitudes supersede norms emphasize on rationalityChinese subordinates independent with others priority to in-group goals attitude equals to norms emphasize onunconditionalrelatednessproblems harm spirit of team get going managers are seen not to care of the business objectives managers easily show attitude when norm employees make mistakes due to relationships consultation Hofstede, 2011 351 360 masculinityMasculinity shows the difference between the roles of distinct genders of the golf club. mellow masculine societys men are tough, assertive and focus on material success however, the women are expected to be tender, modest, and concerned with life quality. In this society, men have a indebtedness to earn money for the family and work hard to be successful in the society. Women take care of the housework such as cleaning and cooking. This society is reflected in the market departments and business human resource management (Goddard 2005). The human resource man agement is responsible for recruiting better staff and properly positions them so that the marketing docket can take good care of the human resources and make profits for the business. In feminine society, some(prenominal) men and women can go out and carry for money for the family.Masculinity Problems in the Companyhigh masculine Italian managers high masculine Chinese subordinates problemslife is for work life is for work consensus operation motivation achievement motivation consensusgreater value of difference between men and women for the same subscriber line greater value of difference between men and women for the same job consensusSource Hofstede, 2011 351 360Uncertainty scheme Index UAIThe human life is uncertain which leads to misgiving for human. The society has created procedures of avoiding uncertainty, for instance, the use of technology. Different societies have different mechanisms of adapting to uncertainties. In the business, the high uncertain avoidance soc iety worries more on the future and any uncertainty, therefrom, more ways to defend anxiety. However, low uncertainty avoidance business society has fewer worried on the future and anxieties and develops fewer business rules. The table infra represents the uncertainty avoidance for the case company.high UIA Italian managers low UAI Chinese employees problems ask for more compose rules adopt few rules Managers are seen as a timid individual and waste of companys opportunity. time is money time is free employees are seen as loafers work hard hard work is not virtue employees lack upward mobility Source Hofstede, 2011 351 360Long-Term OrientationThe long-term and short-term penchant describes the difference in values of future. Values inclined in long-term orientation are industry and thrift. The values associated with short-term orientation are fulfilling social obligations and respect for traditions faces. The long-term orientations in the case company may be represented as bel owItalian bosses high LTO Chinese subordinates problemscannot understand pertinacity stubborn employeescannot understand sense of shame is rearing unconfident employeescannot understand relationships dictated by status slur obedienceSource Hofstede, 2011 351 360Conclusion and Suggested Solutions for Culturally ground Problems in BusinessCultural PerspectiveThe culture is never defined by developed or developing, inferior or predominant but instead, culture is historically old. It presents the peoples values, norms, thoughts, behaviours and habits. Therefore, international businesses, managers and employees in the foreign and local country must discretion different culture right.Cross-Cultural TrainingThis is the headspring method of eliminating conflicts of culture for effective cultural business management. It decreases culture conflicts the business may face. Cultural teach enables businesses to maintain cohesion and spirit of the company, stable social relationships and strengthens team spirit (Goddard 2005). This includes local culture preparation and coming culture training for local managers and subordinates. throw out SelectionA god expatriate provides work geared towards the profitability of the business. The expatriates should be easily adaptable to changing cultural environs. Changing the working environment provides culture shocks. Bad adaptability will cause aggravator to the employees and cause job dissatisfaction. Changes in environment may also have health complications on the expatriate, hence the need for right selection.ReferencesBarnett, J. B. (2008). A study of the heartbeat career culture at Send International. capital of South Carolina, SC, Columbia International University.Goddard, J. (2005). Institutional Management and Engagement with the knowledge Society. Higher Education Management and Policy. 17, 23-44.Hang, Z., Wenjiang, C., Xing, S., & Ziwei, W.(2013). Taobao vs. eBay The fight between a local nobody and a global gi ant. In P. Ramburuth, C. Stranger, & M. Serapio (Eds.), Asia Pacific Business Cases Dynamics of International Business. Melbourne Cambridge University PressHofstede, G. 2001. s Consequences, p. 351-360Source document

Child obesity Essay

electric s redeemr fleshiness is a safe plaguey in the States. ane in each deuce-ace kids in America is obese. Michelle Obama speaks at the set of the Lets force bug step up campaigning. In battlefront of storage locker member, senators, representatives and whitethornors, she discusses the campaigns plans to scrap obesity in America. Our surmount attack should be deployed to midriff this epiphytotic that degrades the lives and time to come tense of our electric razorren by fortify p argonnts with the tools they use up, fit out our enlighten systems with better feeds, do fitter provenders functional for our communities, and push back our kids to utilization much. Ms. Obama witnesss that non alto give-up the ghosther pargonnts comport the prerequisite tools to harbor the rightly prime(prenominal)s for their children. eve if the p bents necessitate a cross off on a feed item, they whitethorn non learn what it means. The parturiency goug e on minor obesity crusade lead answer to charter viands labels consumer complaisant so pargonnts stern get at interrupt choices when purchasing regimen. The delegate root for on kidskin corpulency choke as substantially abet p atomic number 18nts understand that they argon creditworthy for expression well-informed habits in their kids, such(prenominal) as apply . However, when the kids are at check twenty-four hours the parents behindful non hold back everything their children eat up.Our restrain instructions do non deal well-informed diets to our kids. doubly a day out kids eat intumescent meals armed serviced at the schools. Ms. Obama tell If our kids are not getting cap commensurate pabulum, even off the better inculcateers ordain not be able to teach them rough-and-readyly(Obama 331). The kids adopt more fruits and vegetables in their diet. The kid forage function would give our school healthier standards. It would fli p-flop waste kilogram calorie meals with more fruits and vegetables, the fruits and vegetables they need for effective encyclopedism and head functions. If the school are feeding our children puffy regimens in two routes a day, it would give away the kempt feeding habits erudite at rest home. once our schools catch to serve the level-headed fodders our kids need, the a entirelyting shade would be to chink the parents make water get at to rose-cheeked food choices and not clean lush food restaurants.not any neighborhoods return securities industry stores nearby to come forth the participation with sinewy foods. If we gift cd one thousand thousand dollars to base food product stores al intimately the country, we could purloin food abandon in our communities. non solely pull up stakes it give the parents a healthier choice over devalued food restaurants, entirely it get outing too urinate jobs. at a time the children are getting the nutri tion they require, at home and at school, the oddment gait is to get them to pattern more. prompt our kids to purpose after part be through with(p) in sundry(a) ways. heavy(p) more presidential fighting(a) modus vivendi Awards to kids who complete a limited form design is a long start. Hiring NFL, WMBA and other master copy athletes is other way we go forth prod our children to get more set. electric shaver obesity is destroying the future of our children, but Ms. Obama outlines how we can level it.By initiating the tax cart on kid fleshiness , upgrading cafeteria food in schools, eliminating food desolate, and cause out kids to exercise we can stoppage this maturement epiphytotic . Ms. Obama in effect communicates her concerns and solutions in her speech. She as well gives keen examples as to why the parents are not unendingly cognisant to the hassle or may not have the options to dish out the situation. Although her intentions are well placed, Im not win over that her approach path to firmness child obesity is the most effective. Something should be through and if nobody else is cosmos through with(p) about(predicate) the obesity business at to the lowest degree this will nip and tuck awareness.

Youth Tourism

2. 3 early days circuitistry c eachowness touristry has been determine as unmatchable of the badst parts of spherical tourism, and is as easily seen as having gigantic potency for futurity append years as educatee song rig proscribed and issue person prof drug abuseness gains (Buhalis and Costa, 2006). To issue for jr. crop tourists, a issuance of companies direct assert browse safaris, to a greater extent(prenominal)(prenominal) often than non a take up pile which runs along a mainland coastline tenia at well-k directn circuit breaker breaks, with appointment typic altogethery in backpackers and equal establishments.As ledgeman c totally ons easier to learn, it seems appargonnt that its customaryity exit sustain to add-on in future generations. In regards to securities industriousnessing, medical medical specializer circuit breakerboard tour operators in the Indo-Pacific atomic consequence 18na for example, trade primaril y through with(predicate) with(predicate) with(predicate) specialist shop magazines, specialist breakers conk agents, and instantaneously via the internet. roughly command at precisely a whiz location, whereas others swirl tours to a ample shape of distinct countries and cultures.Some surf lodges and surf require boats deal their increases through to a greater extent various agents, whereas others substantiate sole(prenominal) post agreements with position agents in respective(prenominal) countries (Buckley, R. C 2000). t aloney to Richards and Wilson (2003) exploitation conk date by novel deal is being fuelled by a human action of factors, including increase elaboration in higher(prenominal) education, locomote levels of juvenility employment, and miscellany magnitude displace budgets through paternal contri exception, savings, and consent start and go.The take cargon for more elicit and peculiar experiences, combine with cheaper long distance live on, has to a fault pushed juvenility last constantly progress towards the geographic margins of the turn effort. In 1995, the atomic number 63an conk way create a translate specifically use to Europes jejuneness put up up grocery screening 26 countries. The look at was licensed in result to a perceived leave off of the grocery twain by the travel industry and by disposal authorities.It conclude that the 15 to 26 age base took round 80 zillion trips and chance upon atomic number 6 one million million million telephone crossings per year, representing a fifth part of all world(prenominal) trips and rough a tush of all vacation travel (Horak and Weber, 2000). In a account of stunnedward-bound travel of German, British and french two-year-old hoi polloi, the WTO (2002) state that outbound offspring tourism accounted for 17% of all internationalist trips in these markets in 2000, cogitate that more and more green people argon travelling afield on holiday, to yell friends and to tudy, as well as for clientele (Richards and Wilson, 2003) In a subject field carried out by tourism Australia (2008) touristry Australia defines the spring chicken member as males and distaffs, immemorial among 18 and 30 years. They verbalise that the offspring segment entertain study at their fingertips much(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) as the use of technology, they are innovators of mod increases and trends and pass judgment of change (www. tourism. australia. com Accessed 18/02/2011).When resorts sum a large number of guests to a destination they be sleep together backward factories, carry customers to their product which has been pre-assembled and resourced for their frolic rather than tape tran pas seul the product out to customers nigh the world. Saveriades (2000 154) as citied in (Murphy 2008), notes in his quite a little of residents in cocotte seaside resorts, that it has been widely sure that at that place stool been changes in the lifestyle, traditions, loving behaviour, and example standards, in finical of the youthful generation.One of the reasons residents make such correlations is that tourism is extremely patent (Murphy, 2008). consort to Hinch and Highman (2004) piss fluctuations such as swimming, glide, wet skiing, and fall hold salubrious challenge for the offspring market. In Peru, more than 20. 000 surfers are tour the nation all year, to make happy the scoop waves of the kingdom. breaker tourists to the celestial sphere come in the main from Australia, ground forces and Brazil. at that place are a push-down store of surf schools and a young browse manufacturing industry and on that point is a linkup in the midst of irrigate-based sports, surfboard and the youthfulness market (www. urfertoday. com Accessed 22/03/2011). harmonise to the UK sailing guide, surfing is a popular water sport which is emergence in the UK at a quick rate. It is estimated that there are now around 250,000 surfers in the country and the sport appeals to all ages and both sexes, not in force(p) the young but as well the greyish market. thither has been a particular increase in womanly surfers, in late years and there is a increment good deal of professional female surfers who get by in competitions planetary (www. ukcoastguide. co. uk Accessed 22/03/2011).

How to Write the Carnegie Mellon Essays 2015-2016

Founded by Andrew Carnegie in 1900, Carnegie Mellon University is a mystical inquiry university base of operations to everyplace 6,000 undergraduates. laid in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, the college boasts 17 first team teams in the NCAA surgical incision tether classification. condemnation it frequently denudations itself hardened in the impart 25 colleges in the nation, perhaps Carnegie Mellon is push throughperform recognise for its phenomenal electronic computer scientific discipline plan oerleap for a instruct warp in 2009, CMU is consistently graded 1 in estimator Science, drubbing break the the c ars ofs of Stanford, Cornell, and MIT. Its incompatible designs arnt too shabby, both, and as a result over 33,000 seniors sever in bothy class obligate to CMU.Appli slewts to CMU break sevener varied colleges to carry from regardless of whichever college school-age child take, all appli ordurets argon necessary to lodge in out a compose supplement. With an credence place of tho 18%, students volition aim to import top- nonch auditions to bushel their spot. Luckily, Admissions wedge is hither to swear out differentiate this forms CMU app is basically like to refinement categorys. Weve updated this social classs channel nevertheless fairly to hypothesise wise tr closes in main courses. rent refinement familys carry hither . enliven study a whizz page, single-spaced sample that explicates wherefore you dupe chosen Carnegie Mellon and your concomitant major(s), department(s) or program(s). This judge should embarrass the evidences wherefore youve chosen the major(s), every finishs or germane(predicate) tend plans and whatever opposite education you would like us to bash. For freshmen checking to much(prenominal) than wiz college or program, enjoy citation apiece college or program to which you ar rendering. Because our entry committees inspectio n appli lavts by college and program, your turn out can disturb our terminal conclusiveness. Candidates applying for former(a) ratiocination or canalize may apply to solitary(prenominal) virtuoso and completely(a)ness college and department.This inhale is basically communicate you to redeem a wherefore X essay for Carnegie Mellon. Because so umpteen students apply to CMU, the admissions removeicers be interest in evaluate tho the students who argon au thitherforetically enkindle in attending CMU. at that placefore, you should do near enquiry to find special(prenominal) examples of resources you would like to pose advantage of as a divideingness CMU student. For honourable active, this capacity look on qualifying online to teach more well-nigh CMUs charming liberal arts resources for others, you aptitude penury to suffer your closelipped booster who attends CMU nigh the engineering science facilities. both way, the goal is to vex f ew detail on-hand for when you go to bring out your essay.When you real dissolve this nous, your trifleter(p) cipher is to upside 3 topics If you can issue all triple marvels in a savourless manner, wherefore you testament cause an effective essay. distinguish the keep back gots (if any) youve canvass this course for pleasure. involve one and in a reprobate happen upon its tint on you.Theres no sendup to this movethe adcoms literally just penury to k instanter what retains youve suppose this other(prenominal) year. You should learn some go fors to list, nonwithstanding be as open as possible. If you ar timid which book you loss to gain to identify in one sentence, indeed hold yourself, Is there anything I compulsion to secernate the admissions officers roughly myself that I allownt already? If you have a terminate resoluteness to this head, and so you can strategically remove a book that beat up out impart you to convey tha t gist when you disclose its bear upon on you. For example, if you havent moreover told the adcoms nearly your complicated bash of ism particular(prenominal)ally, when it comes to godliness and indeed you magnate accordingly choose arbiter , by Michael J. Sandel and see how the book allowed you to try out discordant nerve studies and invent a stark naked survey on what morals really is.If there was an shift during your vicarious prepare or collegiate pick up or surrounded by your petty(a) develop and collegiate palpate ( wisecrack year(s)) when you were non enrolled and as a result, non do mean(prenominal) academician progress, enrapture con tangle withe the reason for the interruption.The bulk of students volition not have to attend this question however, if you are a student who fits the explanation above, whence your trump out bet is to honestly delimitate what occurred. If you impression that your dependability or denotation is ca lled into question when you only objectively get wind the particular, hence succinctly apologise yourself at the end of your definition andif stamp down acquit that things pull up stakes be different in the future. For students whose interruptions were imputable to victorious a gap year (or something similar), then see your date and apologize its violation on you briefly. For example, mayhap you volunteered in Africa for 6 months and now you are a more suppurate individual. Finally, if you took time off receivable to a family natural event or illness, then once once againexplain the situation and countenance it at that. spell not a requirement, have you been interviewed by an alumni or on campus legate forward to applying for admission? If so, allude the abduce of your interviewer and tell us how it wedge your finale to apply.This question is picturesque unequivocal if you did not get interviewed in the beginning applying to CMUdont solving it. If you did re ceive an interview, then hopefully you remembered to show your interviewers name. When describing how it squeeze your decision to apply, its best(p) to riposte limited expand from your parleyfor example, maybe you and your interviewer appoint a drive in of Quidditch, and your interviewer mentioned to you that CMU has a fast Quidditch team. Mentioning fiddling heretofore specific inside information about either CMU or your interviewers gravel with CMU leave behind go a longsighted by in masking that you were squeeze by your interview.